![]() Some reports have described BEM to be a migraine aura or an ophthalmoplegic migraine. In most reports, there is an increased risk of BEM with a personal or family history of migraines as well as an increased frequency of episodes with migraine. The connection between BEM and migraines is ill defined. The underlying etiology of BEM is not well understood however, it has been frequently associated with an accompanying migraine in females. Unilateral BEM is called Benign Episodic Unilateral Mydriasis (BEUM), but it can also occur bilaterally (BEBM) with either or both pupils being dilated during subsequent BEM events. BEM has been reported worldwide, with most cases affecting one eye (unilateral). In contrast to physiologic anisocoria which is often asymptomatic, BEM can be noticeable to patients and physicians. Physiologic and benign pupil asymmetry is seen in up to 20% of healthy individuals. In addition if the anisocoria is isolated and episodic, then this anisocoria is benign and referred to as benign episodic mydriasis (BEM). If there are no accompanying symptoms or signs (e.g., no headache, no ptosis, no diplopia or ophthalmoplegia) and the anisocoria is completely neurologically isolated it is much more likely to be benign. Anisocoria may be benign (e.g., pharmacologic dilation, tonic pupil) or may be an alarming sign of a life-threatening disorder (e.g., aneurysm, arterial dissection). Thus, thorough clinical evaluation is important for the appropriate diagnosis and management of the underlying cause.Unequal size of pupils (anisocoria) often presents as a diagnostic challenge for clinicians because the underlying etiology may stem from a variety of factors. It is relatively common, and causes vary from benign physiologic anisocoria to potentially life-threatening emergencies. Is anisocoria an emergency?Īnisocoria is a condition characterized by unequal pupil sizes. ![]() The presence of anisocoria can be normal (physiologic), or it can be a sign of an underlying medical condition. The term anisocoria refers to pupils that are different sizes at the same time. Normally the size of the pupil is the same in each eye, with both eyes dilating or constricting together. What does it mean if my baby’s pupils are different sizes? The same is true if you experience sudden dizziness, headache, confusion, balance problems or other symptoms of a possible stroke. If you or someone else notices you have dilated pupils or one of your pupils looks larger than the other after head trauma, seek medical attention immediately. When should I be concerned about dilated pupils? However, a sudden and pronounced change in one pupil size can indicate a medical condition. This is not harmful and does not require treatment. Physiological anisocoria is when there is a natural, small difference in the size of a person’s pupils. There are a variety of reasons your cat may have pupils that have different sizes. Anisocoria, in and of itself, is not a disease but rather a symptom of an underlying condition. Can cats pupils be different sizes?Īnisocoria, while a mouthful, is the medical term for when the pupils are two different sizes. The condition usually occurs suddenly and typically affects one side of the head but can be bilateral in rare cases. Horner’s syndrome is a common neurological disorder of the eye and facial muscles, caused by dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system. ![]() But the consistent factor among his patients, he says, appears to be prolonged phone or tablet use. Pupils can abnormally dilate due to conditions like glaucoma or damage to the retina in the back of the eye.Įnlarged or dilated pupils can be caused by a number of factors: medications, drug use, eye and brain injuries, recreational drug use and eye diseases. Why are my cat’s pupils unequal?Ĭauses of Anisocoria in Cats Diseases inside and outside the eye can lead to anisocoria in cats. Glaucoma is a condition in which increased pressure exists inside the eye. Glaucoma is another common cause for differing pupil size in cats. The affected eye is the one with the smaller pupil. The most common cause of different-sized pupils in cats is anterior uveitis, a type of inflammation within the eye. What does it mean when one of my cat’s pupils is bigger than the other? Also, for unknown reasons, pupils may temporarily differ in size. If other family members also have similar pupils, then the pupil size difference could be genetic and is nothing to worry about. ![]() What does it mean when one of my cat’s pupils is bigger than the other?īabies born with different sized pupils may not have any underlying disorder.Why does my child have one pupil bigger than the other?.
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